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Unit 9: Find the gap

Anatomy of an argument

Read this before the quizzes

Argument anatomy: evidence, conclusion and the gap

Finding the conclusion fast

The eight tasks and what each one asks

Which sentence is the conclusion?

Evidence or conclusion?

The conceded view

Which task is it?

Answers and why: anatomy

The gap: assumptions and the negation test

The assumption: the missing link

The negation test

Necessary or sufficient: two traps that look the same

Negate it

Required or only helpful?

Spot the gap

Necessary or sufficient?

Answers and why: the gap

Push and pull: strengthen and weaken

Strengthen and weaken: same gap, opposite pushes

Out of scope and 'even if true': the six traps

Which way does it push?

The best strengthener

Name the trap

Even if true

Answers and why: push and pull

Flaws: naming the jump

The ten flaw families, and how an option phrases each

Name the family

Name the family (2)

Cause or sign?

Which phrasing fits?

Answers and why: flaws

Puzzles: paradox, roles and evaluate

Paradox: the fact that lets both be true

Boldface roles: label each by its relation to the conclusion

Evaluate: the question whose answers swing the conclusion

Which option reconciles?

Label the boldface

The useful question

Both facts?

Answers and why: puzzles

Speed and your own exam

Speed without guessing: 90 seconds an argument

Per-exam notes (examples, not promises)

Words to carry

Word Quest: 45 words for talking about arguments

Word games, unit quest and crossword

Take charge

Take charge: Find the gap

Your mission this week

Check yourself

Find the gap. Critical reasoning is the skill of seeing the weak joint in a short argument before an option can talk you out of it.

Verbal Ability Unit 9: Critical reasoning

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