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Understanding Reported Speech

Relaying gossip: why the tense shifts back one step

The full backshift table, and when it doesn't apply

Pronouns, time words, and reporting verbs

Practice: Convert to Reported Speech

Quiz 1: Present simple backshift

Quiz 2: Will → would

Quiz 3: Past simple → past perfect

Quiz 4: No backshift needed -- permanent fact

Quiz 5: Pronoun shift

Quiz 6: Time word shift

Quiz 7: Reporting a survey finding (academic present tense kept)

Quiz 8: Can → could

Quiz 9: Present continuous → past continuous

Quiz 10: Reported question

Quiz 11: Yes/no reported question with "if/whether"

Quiz 12: Reported command/request

Quiz 13: Choosing a precise reporting verb

Quiz 14: Place word shift (here → there)

Quiz 15: May → might

Quiz 16: Full review -- pick the fully correct sentence

Quiz Review: Why Each Answer Works

Reported speech -- converting direct quotes into indirect statements with correct tense backshift, useful for Speaking and Writing when referencing what someone else said, taught from an everyday gossip-relay analogy to exam-ready control.

Whenever you reference a source, a survey finding, or someone's stated opinion without quoting them directly, you're using reported speech. This module covers the tense backshift rule and the pronoun/time-word changes that trip candidates up under time pressure.

Reported Speech: Relaying What Someone Else Said

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