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Section 1: Foundations of fNIRS and Brain Activation

Why Task-Based Brain Mapping Matters

What Brain Activation Is — and Is Not

Section 2: Technical Principles of Optical Neuroimaging

fNIRS Principles

Advanced fNIRS Modalities and the Modified Beer-Lambert Law

Short-Separation and Superficial Physiology

Section 3: Experimental Design and Behavioral Measurement

Task Design and Behavioral Measurement

Psychology and Human Behavior Applications

Section 4: Neurovascular Coupling and Cellular Mechanisms

Neurovascular Coupling

Multimodal and Cellular Optical Imaging

Section 5: Data Processing, Artifacts, and Statistical Modeling

Motion and Systemic Confounds

Preprocessing and Statistical Modeling

Section 6: Advanced Analytics: Connectivity and Hyperscanning

Functional Connectivity and Networks

Naturalistic Tasks and Hyperscanning

Section 7: Translation, Evidence, and Decision Frameworks

Evidence Ladder

Translation Barriers

Stakeholder Questions

Decision Frameworks for Optical Signals

Quiz Section

Quiz 1: Foundations of fNIRS

Quiz 2: Technical Principles

Quiz 3: Advanced Modalities

Quiz 4: Short-Separation and Depth

Quiz 5: Experimental Design

Quiz 6: Neurovascular Coupling

Quiz 7: Motion and Confounds

Quiz 8: Preprocessing and GLM

Quiz 9: Functional Connectivity

Quiz 10: Translation and Evidence

Survey/Feedback

Survey 1: Course Expectations

Survey 2: Technical Content Clarity

Survey 3: Experimental Design Application

Survey 4: Biology and Neurovascular Content

Survey 5: Data Processing Methodology

Survey 6: Advanced Analytics Feedback

Survey 7: Translation and Feasibility

Survey 8: Decision Framework Utility

Survey 9: General Course Delivery

Survey 10: Final Course Evaluation

Welcome to the "Principles of fNIRS in Cognitive and Behavioral Research" course, your comprehensive guide to mastering functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). As cognitive neuroscience and behavioral research rapidly evolve, fNIRS has emerged as a powerful, portable, and non-invasive neuroimaging tool.

Welcome to the "Principles of fNIRS in Cognitive and Behavioral Research" course, your comprehensive guide to mastering functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). As cognitive neuroscience and behavioral research rapidly evolve, fNIRS has emerged as a powerful, portable, and non-invasive neuroimaging tool. This course is meticulously designed to bridge the gap between complex optical physics and practical psychological applications. Whether you are investigating task-based brain activation, exploring neurovascular coupling, or designing naturalistic hyperscanning experiments, this program provides the foundational knowledge and advanced analytical skills you need. Throughout this course, you will dive deep into the technical principles of optical neuroimaging, including the modified Beer-Lambert law, short-separation channel correction, and advanced modalities like time-domain and frequency-domain fNIRS. You will learn how to design robust behavioral tasks, process complex datasets by mitigating motion and systemic confounds, and apply the General Linear Model (GLM) for accurate statistical modeling. Furthermore, we will explore cutting-edge applications such as functional connectivity, hyperscanning in social interactions, and the critical translation barriers in diverse populations. By the end of this course, you will possess a rigorous decision framework to evaluate optical signals, ensuring your research findings are both scientifically sound and highly reproducible. Join us to unlock the full potential of fNIRS and elevate your cognitive and behavioral research to the next level.

67. Principles of fNIRS in Cognitive and Behavioral Research

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            <p>Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has emerged as a transformative neuroimaging modality, offering unprecedented opportunities to investigate cortical hemodynamics in both naturalistic and highly controlled experimental settings. This comprehensive program provides a rigorous examination of the principles governing fNIRS, bridging the critical gap between foundational biophotonics and applied cognitive and behavioral research. By exploring the physiological cascade of neurovascular coupling, the modified Beer-Lambert law, and the nuances of optical signal generation, investigators will develop a precise understanding of what portable optical neuroimaging truly measures. The curriculum systematically addresses the complexities of task-based brain mapping, carefully distinguishing between metabolic demand, blood flow, and neural activity to ensure the accurate interpretation of neuroimaging data across diverse psychological, developmental, and ergonomic domains.</p>

<p>Beyond foundational physics and experimental design, the advancement of optical neuroimaging relies heavily on robust analytical frameworks and translational efficacy. This course delves into critical methodological challenges, equipping professionals with strategies to mitigate systemic confounds, motion artifacts, and superficial physiology through advanced preprocessing pipelines and the general linear model (GLM). Participants will evaluate sophisticated analytical techniques, such as functional connectivity and hyperscanning, which are essential for investigating complex social interactions and unconstrained behaviors. Furthermore, the curriculum establishes a rigorous decision framework and evidence ladder, empowering an interdisciplinary coalition of stakeholders—ranging from cognitive neuroscientists, psychologists, and data scientists to educators, funders, and rehabilitation specialists—to critically assess the ecological validity, reproducibility, and translational viability of fNIRS findings in human behavior applications.</p>
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