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Introduction to Criminology

Course Orientation and Scope of Criminology

Core Concepts and Terminology

Historical Development of Criminological Thought

Early Ideas About Crime and Punishment

Positivism and the Scientific Study of Crime

Modern Criminology and Interdisciplinary Perspectives

Crime as a Social and Legal Construct

Legal Definitions of Crime

Social Construction, Deviance, and Criminalization

Law Enforcement, Discretion, and Social Inequality

Measuring Crime and Victimization

Why Crime Measurement Matters

Official Crime Data Sources

Victimization Surveys and Self-Report Data

Interpreting Crime Data and the Dark Figure of Crime

Major Crime Typologies

Understanding Crime Typologies

Violent Crime

Property Crime

White-Collar and Occupational Crime

Cybercrime and Technology-Facilitated Offending

Applying Crime Typologies to Case Scenarios

Quiz

Question 1: Historical Foundations

Question 2: Crime as a Social Construct

Question 3: Crime Data Sources

Question 4: Interpreting Crime Rates

Question 5: Offense Typologies

Survey and Feedback

Course Feedback Survey

Welcome to "Foundations of Criminology: History, Measurement, and Crime Typologies," a comprehensive online course designed to introduce you to the fascinating, interdisciplinary study of crime, criminal behavior, and societal responses. Have you ever wondered how society decides what constitutes a crime, or why certain behaviors are criminalized while others are merely considered deviant.

Welcome to "Foundations of Criminology: History, Measurement, and Crime Typologies," a comprehensive online course designed to introduce you to the fascinating, interdisciplinary study of crime, criminal behavior, and societal responses. Have you ever wondered how society decides what constitutes a crime, or why certain behaviors are criminalized while others are merely considered deviant? This course dives deep into the core concepts of criminology, distinguishing it from criminal justice and forensic science, to give you a robust understanding of how crime is socially and legally constructed.

Throughout this engaging journey, you will explore the historical evolution of criminological thought—from early supernatural explanations and the Classical School of Beccaria and Bentham to modern positivism and interdisciplinary theories. You will uncover the complexities of crime measurement, learning how to interpret official data sources like the FBI's UCR and NIBRS, alongside victimization surveys like the NCVS. We will also tackle the "dark figure of crime" and examine how law enforcement discretion and social inequality impact crime statistics.

Finally, you will analyze major crime typologies, including violent crime, property crime, white-collar offenses, and the rapidly evolving landscape of cybercrime. By applying these typologies to real-world scenarios, you will develop the critical thinking skills necessary to evaluate crime data, understand offender motivations, and recognize the profound impact of crime on victims and public policy. Whether you are pursuing a career in criminal justice, sociology, or law, this foundational course will equip you with the essential knowledge to understand the complex realities of crime in modern society.

Foundations of Criminology: History, Measurement, and Crime Typologies

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            <p>The study of criminology offers a rigorous, interdisciplinary examination of crime, criminal behavior, victims, and societal responses to deviance. This course, "Foundations of Criminology: History, Measurement, and Crime Typologies," provides a comprehensive exploration of the field's core concepts and theoretical evolution. Learners will trace the historical development of criminological thought, transitioning from early premodern explanations to the Classical School, positivism, and contemporary interdisciplinary perspectives. Furthermore, the curriculum critically analyzes crime not merely as a violation of statutory law, but as a complex social and legal construct shaped by political processes, societal norms, and the discretionary practices of law enforcement and the broader justice system.</p>

<p>Beyond theoretical frameworks, a fundamental component of criminological inquiry involves the accurate measurement and classification of criminal activity. This course delves into the methodologies used to quantify crime and victimization, examining official data sources such as the Uniform Crime Reporting Program and the National Incident-Based Reporting System, alongside victimization surveys and self-report data. Learners will develop the skills to interpret crime rates, understand the limitations of empirical data, and identify the "dark figure of crime." Building upon this analytical foundation, the coursework systematically categorizes offenses into major crime typologies—including violent, property, white-collar, and cybercrime—equipping individuals with the structured decision-making tools necessary to classify offenses and evaluate their broader implications for public policy and prevention strategies.</p>
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